The ravines that we have today are the remnants of the glacial geology in the Toronto region. So this area was covered by glaciers, several, you know, two CN Towers high (529.6) and, you know, hundreds of thousands of years ago. And as they receded, they started carving the soft till that was below them.

I think it's a very important psychological site. It's a narrative site because it is one of the few places in the city that still contains a trace of the early history of this place. So many of the other geographical or topological structures have been altered in order to create the city.

And so the journal issue really tries to bring these two narratives together and tries to think how architects who are very formalist and interested in the historic structure of the city understand it to be based in property. But here, property is something that was part of a violent process of colonization.

Bigger picture in terms of homelessness in Toronto is that things have been getting worse for a long time. I think sometimes the language around homelessness is framed as the homelessness crisis. But I actually think more accurately, we need to talk about it as an affordability crisis and a housing crisis.

People are displaced from their homes due to gentrification and are forced to move into ravines, which provide a sense of privacy and safety.

The concept of naturalization and its romanticization of nature can be misrepresentative and neglectful of the complexities of human relationship with nature.

The human relationship with the environment is complex, and we must acknowledge and address the paradoxes and contradictions in this relationship.

There is a need to balance human access to nature with environmental protection and the preservation of ecosystems.